Horizontal inequalities, political violence, and nonviolent conflict mobilization: A review of the literature

The association between horizontal inequalities (HIs) and civil war is well established. Yet, studies of HIs rarely specify why should lead to conflict that violent, organized, large-scale, such as war. Collective mobilization outside conventional political channels could take many other forms, demonstrations, strikes, riots or communal conflicts. Recently, researchers have begun investigate whether increase the risk nonviolent, less smaller-scale conflict. This article provides first systematic review emerging quantitative literature on impact both violent nonviolent mobilization. We ask: Do all channels, do they shape what form breaks out? supplement previous reviews violence with a update for scholarly articles published in 2017–2022. yielded 22 new articles. Furthermore, we identify 20 1996–2022. reveals while there robust evidence relationship mobilization, inconsistent. conclude by discussing potential reasons this inconsistency.